Asymmetric Dihydroxylation of olefins is of high synthetic value because it introduces two vicinal hydroxy groups,...

Asymmetric oxohydroxylation of α-alkyl enoates with potassium permanganate catalyzed by monocationic quaternary...

Organocatalysts are one of the bravest attempts to mimic enzyme catalysis that Mother Nature uses. Chiral...

1,2-addition is a type of organic chemical reaction that involves the addition of functional groups to the 1st and 2nd...

The Michael reaction is the conjugate 1,4-addition of a resonance stabilized carbanion (michael donor) to an activated...

The aldol reaction unites two carbonyl compounds to form a β-hydroxy-carbonyl product, where one carbonyl compound...

Alkylation is the introduction of an alkyl group into an organic compound by substitution or addition. The alkyl group...

Alkynylation is an addition reaction in organic synthesis where a terminal alkyne adds to a carbonyl group to form an...

An Allylsilylation is performed between allylsilanes and aldehydes furnishes homo allyl alcohols. Using Cinchona...

Amination is the process by which an amine group is introduced into an organic molecule. This type of reaction is...

The Sharpless Aminohydroxylation allows the syn-selective preparation of 1,2-amino alcohols by reaction of alkenes...

Any hydrocarbon or heterocycle with 4n+2 electrons in a fully conjugated cyclic π system is considered to be an...

Any reaction that involves the addition of one or more aryl groups. Examples for arylations are Cross Coupling...

Asymmetric Synthesis (Enantioselective Synthesis) is the conversion of an achiral substance into a chiral, nonracemic...

Azidation is any reaction that results in the formation of an azide.

The original reaction (1906) was a mixture of the reagents phenol, chloroform, and acetone in the presence of a sodium...

The Barton–Zard reaction is a route to pyrrole derivatives via the reaction of a nitroalkene with an α-isocyanoacetate...

The three-component reaction of aldehydes, primary aromatic amines, and phenols to produce α-aminobenzylphenols is...

Biaryl compounds with axial chirality are very common in synthetic chemistry, especially in catalysis. Axially chiral...

Bromination is a chemical reaction involving the reaction of a compound and bromine. Finally bromine is being added to...

A cascade reaction, also known as a domino reaction or tandem reaction, is a chemical process that comprises at least...

A chiral ligand is a specially adapted ligand used for asymmetric synthesis. This ligand is an enantiopure organic...

Quaternary ammonium salts, especially derived from Cinchona Alkaloids, have become the most privileged class of chiral...

The Buchler chiral screening kit contains a set of slightly different Cinchona alkaloids in very high chemical purity....

Chlorination is a halogenation reaction using chlorine.

Cinchona alkaloids are complex small molecules containing five stereogenic centers, a basic quinuclidine nitrogen, a...

Cross-coupling reactions occur when two reagents, both with activating groups, react together with a metal catalyst to...

Cyanation is the attachment or substitution of a cyanide group on various substrates. Such transformations are...

Cyclization is the formation of a ring system.

A cycloaddition reaction indicates the addition of two π reactants to form a cyclic adduct with formation of σ bonds...

Darzens reaction is also known as the Darzens condensation or glycidic ester condensation is the chemical reaction of...

A dearomatization reaction is an organic reaction which involves arenes as reactants and in which the reaction...

Decarboxylation is the removal or loss of a carboxyl group from an organic compound. During the reaction carbon...

Any reaction that results in the loss of one or more symmetry elements, but especially the conversion of a prochiral...

The diastereomeric excess (de) reflects the degree to which a sample contains one diastereomer in greater amounts than...

The diastereomeric ratio (dr) of the percent of one diastereomer in a mixture to that of the other diastereomer. For...

Molecules with more than one stereocenter can be diastereomers if they are not mirror images of each other. The key...

The Diels-Alder reaction is one of the most useful synthetic reactions for the construction of the cyclohexane...

The domino reaction is a time-resolved process in which two or more bond-forming reactions occur under similar...

The ratio of the percent of one enantiomer in a mixture to that of the other. Enantiomeric ratio of 7:3 means for...

Enantiomers have identical chemical and physical properties and are indistinguishable from each other except for the...

Enantioselective organocatalysis is the best method to obtain an enantiopure compound at a high yield compared with...

Organocatalysts are one of the bravest attempts to mimic enzyme catalysis that Mother Nature uses. Chiral...

Enantioselective synthesis, also called asymmetric synthesis, is a form of chemical synthesis. It is defined by IUPAC...

Epoxidation is treatment where an electrophilic oxidizing agent is capable of introducing a single oxygen atom to...

Fluorination is for instance a replacement of one hydrogen atom within a molecule by fluorine. The incorporation of...

The Friedel-Crafts (FC) reactions in organic chemistry are referred to two main types of reactions, known as...

Green chemistry is the design of chemical products and processes that reduce or eliminate the use or generation of...

The Henry reaction, also called Nitroaldol reaction, is a classic carbon–carbon bond formation reaction in organic...

Hydroarylation can be defined as the addition of an aryl group and a hydrogen atom across an unsaturated moiety...

Hydrogenation is a reduction reaction which results in an addition of hydrogen (often as H2). If an organic compound...

Hydrophosphonylation refers to any reaction where addition across a double bond generates a phosphonate (RP(O)(OR')2)...

Hydroxyalkylation is an addition reaction that results in a hydroxyalkyl product.

Hydroxylation is a chemical process that introduces a hydroxyl group (-OH) into an organic compound. Hydroxylation...

Isomerization is a chemical process by which a compound is transformed into any of its isomeric forms, i.e., forms...

A Knoevenagel Reaction is a condensation between an aldehyde or a ketone with an active hydrogen compound in the...

The Mannich reaction is the aminoalkylation reaction, involving the condensation of an enolizable carbonyl compound...

Molecules that exhibit achiral properties despite having stereogenic centers are called meso compounds. Meso forms...

Michael addition (MA) is one of the most frequently used C-C bond-forming reactions in organic synthesis and is easily...

Morita–Baylis–Hillman Reaction is a carbon-carbon bond forming reaction between the α-position of an activated alkene...

Nazarov Cyclization is one of the most versatile methods for the synthesis of cyclopentenones from vinyl ketones. For...

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2001 was divided, one half jointly to William S. Knowles and Ryoji Noyori "for their work...

See Knoevenagel Reaction for details of Cinchona Alkaloids and Benjamin List. Cinchona Alkaloids are already linked to...

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2021 was awarded jointly to Benjamin List and David W.C. MacMillan "for the development...

Optical Rotation is the property displayed by chiral substances of rotating the plane of polarisation of polarised...

Oxaziridines are generally formed by the action of a peracid on a combination of a carbonyl compound and an amine,...

Oxosulfonylation is a difunctionalization where oxo and sulfonyl groups are introduced in one step to construct...

Pictet–Spengler Reaction is a chemical reaction in which a β-arylethylamine undergoes condensation with an aldehyde or...

Cinchona alkaloids exist in nature as pseudoenantiomers, which allow Cinchona alkaloid-catalyzed reactions to provide...

What is Quinidine? Quinidine is a cinchona alkaloid extracted from the bark of the cinchona tree. Quinidine is used as...

A Racemate has equal amounts of left- and right-handed enantiomers of a chiral molecule.

Racemic Resolution, also called optical resolution or chiral resolution, is a traditional widely-used process for the...

Reformatsky Reaction is an organic reaction which condenses aldehydes or ketones with α-halo esters using metallic...

Selenation is a reaction with a compound of selenium.

The Sonogashira Reaction is a cross-coupling reaction used in organic synthesis to form carbon–carbon bonds. It...

Specific Optical Rotation gives the angle of rotation of plane-polarized light by a certain compound at a certain...

The Strecker amino acid synthesis, also known simply as the Strecker synthesis, is a method for the synthesis of amino...

Sulfenylation is the introduction of a sulfenyl group into a compound.

In the presence of a Cinchona squaramide-based catalyst, enolizable anhydrides react with alkylidene oxindoles to...

Thorpe–Ziegler reaction is the intramolecular modification with a dinitrile as a reactant and a cyclic ketone as the...

The Wolff Rearrangement allows the generation of ketenes from α-diazoketones. During this  reaction an α-diazocarbonyl...